Polyurethane ndi zinthu zatsopano zatsopano. Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana, amadziwika kuti ndi pulasitiki wamkulu kwambiri ". Kuchokera pamipando, zovala, zonyamula, zomanga, ndi austosce ndi zida zomanga za mayiko ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa dziko latsopano la dziko latsopano ndikuthandizira dziko langa kuti lipange dziko lamphamvu.
Pambuyo pazaka zopitilira 20 zakukula mwachangu kwa makampani ogwiritsa ntchito polyirethane, zawonetsa kusintha kuchokera ku voliyumu - kusinthana. Maukadaulo opanga ndi luso lopanga Indoctanate wakhala ndi mzere wotsogolera padziko lapansi. Zalowa kanthawi kokweza ukadaulo womwe walowa mu chitukuko chachikulu. Pakadali pano, China tsopano ndi zinthu zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso zopangidwa ndi zopanga, komanso dera lathunthu lokhala ndi mapulogalamu a polyurethane.
Monga chowonjezera cha polyirethane, othandizira kukula kwa polyirethane ndi zinthu zomwe zimatha kuchitika ndi gulu lazogwira ntchito pa mzere wam'madzi kuti muwonjezere manyolo a matope ndikuwonjezera kunenepa. Ndi zinthu zosafunikira pakupanga zinthu zingapo za polsurethane. Pa synthesis of a Polyurethane, othandizira ochulukirapo a polyirethane amatha kukwaniritsa zinthu ziwiri: Kukula - Kupanga Kupanga Zinthu Zakuthupi, monga kupitiriza kupanga zinthu zapamwamba ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwononga. Fizisics ndi mankhwala okwanira kutentha kwa kutentha, madzi kukana mafuta, kuthana ndi chipongwe ndi kukana kuphulika.
- udindo ndi gulu la wothandizira wa polyurethane
Mtumiki wowonjezera polUrethane amatanthauza amine ndi zoledzeretsa zomwe zimapezeka m'magulu awiri, omwe amatha kupanga mzere -tpe polymer powonjezera unyolo. Pogwiritsa ntchito othandizira osiyanasiyana, kapena kusintha njira yowonjezera, zochita zamankhwala osiyanasiyana zimatheka, ndipo zida za poureurethane ndizofunikira zomwe zimapangidwa osiyanasiyana zimapangidwa.
Udindo wa Kukula Kwa Mulyureurethane Umauni Unyo wa Polyurethane Synthesis Zimachitika makamaka:
. Kulemera kwa maselo ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zomwe ma polyirethane zimakulitsa kapena kukhazikitsa mzere ndi kulemera kwakukulu kwa mamolekyulu ali ndi polymer ya polymer.
. Pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya othandizira okutira ndi mlingo, sinthani mafayilo a riyakitala, mamolekyules ndi ma molelogical ndi zida zopangira kupanga polyuretharine ndi zofunikira zamakina osiyanasiyana ndi zofunikira zina.
. -Dundication kutopa, kukana kwa kutentha, kukana nyengo, kutsutsana ndi mafuta, kuwonongeka kwa madzi, etc.
Mankhwala owonjezera polyirethane nthawi zambiri amagawidwa mu Amine, mowa, komanso mowa. Kuyambira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamachitidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito, dilato ndi dilail makamaka amatengera njirayi ndi kapangidwe ka magwiridwe antchito. Mathandizo achikhalidwe cha dilates-mtundu wa ethylene glycol, 1,4-Butleol, ndi Dinydramol imodzi, ndi zina zochulukirapo ku polyirethanene. Mtumiki wokulirapo wogwira ntchito zodziwikiratu za zida za polyurethane makamaka madera awiri: angomatic dianramine ndi fungo la iromatic diol. Imatchedwa nthumwi yokulirapo kwambiri. Amadziwika ndi mphete yokhwima. Mphamvu, kukana kwa Abrasion, kukana kwapakati ndi zinthu zina.
Othandizira a DIHAMITE DIHAMION SADYO SIYAMBIKITSA ZOFUNIKIRA KWAULERE KWA ZINSINSI za polyirethanene. Choyipa chachikulu kwambiri, komanso chachikulu kwambiri cha polyirethane.
Mwachikhalidwe kuthira matupi otsekemera a polyirethara nthawi zambiri amakhazikika ndi njira ziwiri - ndiye kuti, zopangidwa ndi zopangidwa, kenako ndikuphatikiza ndi othandizira owonjezera olimbikitsa. Kutengera mtundu wa Isocyanate, wotsogolera akhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi mitundu ya TDI ndi MDI. Poyerekeza ndi awiriwa, ochita bwino nthawi zonse amakhala otsika, ndipo amafanana ndi othandizira ambiri amitundu; Ntchito zoyeserera ndi Mayi ndizokwera, ndipo ma hydroxy -man-trinen othandizira okhala ndi ma hydroxyl -basi. Malinga ndi zofunikira za malo ogwiritsira ntchito komanso kugwira ntchito, ndikofunikira kusankha othandizira okwanira pambuyo posankha mtundu wa Isocynate.
二, mitundu yapamwamba kwambiri ya polyurethane
2.1 Mlangizi wamkulu wa Miramu Dian Amine Unnity Mtumiki
Chifukwa cha ntchito yake yabwino kwambiri komanso yabwino kwambiri, yodziwika bwino, yodziwika bwino ya Diem ndi yofala kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma poureurethane zotsekerera.
Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochulukirapo onunkhira makamaka amaphatikizapo 3, 3-diichlori-4, 4- 4, mtundu ⅱ, ma proplene glycol (4-amno ) (740m), 4,4'-ndi Sub-SUB-Yowonjezera (3-chlorine-2,6-insceneum Aniline) . 5-Diracle Sulfenene (DMTDA, imadziwikanso kuti E-300) ndi zinthu zina.
Mwachidule zamakhalidwe ndi chitukuko cha zinthu zazikuluzi ndizotsatira:
Mtumiki wa Moca wamtundu wa Moca ndi woyambirira wowonjezera-wowonjezera wowonjezera wowonjezera omwe adapanga zotukuka m'dziko langa. Ndi boma lolimba kutentha. Ili ndi mawonekedwe a poureurethane mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito potengera chitetezo komanso mosavuta, omwe angakwaniritse mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Kuchuluka kwa polyirethasthanes kumakhala kwakukulu - kukweza, kumatha, okwera-atcher - kukana, kukana mwamwano, kuwonongeka kwamphamvu. Imatha kupanga zinthu zazikulu. Ndi machitidwe okwanira a mankhwala ochulukirapo omwe amakula. Kuyambira chitukuko cha Dupse mu 1950s, Moca adalowa m'malo ofunikira m'munda wa polyurethane enlastity. Pakali pano ndi wothandizira wamkulu kwambiri wa polyurethetthane. Ndizofunikira kwambiri m'munda wothira kututa kwa polyurethane. Pakadali pano, opanga moca opanga bwino ku China ndi awa: Suzhou Xiangyuan News Commictory Company Techlognologlogy yaukadaulo CO., LTD., Shandhong ChongSShun Newloglogy Comfollognology Co., Ltd . Hua Micsullogy Co., Ltd. (kale Binhai Mpungsheng mankhwala Co., Ltd.), Chizhou Tianci High -Tech zida za CO., LTD., kuwonjezera apo, a Taiwan Shuangbial Co., Ltd.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, motsogozedwa ndi makampani achikunja, ukadaulo wopanga moca wayamba kupitiliza kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, zinthu zatsopano za Xiangyuan zimathetsa vuto la thanzi la antchito, kuipitsa kwakukulu, komanso kukhazikika kosakwanira kwa kapangidwe ka hydrogenation ya hydrogenation. Njira yopitilira imagwira hydrogen hydrogenation ya maluwa apamwamba ndi njira zopangira zokha, zobiriwira, zomwe zimathandizira, fumbi-romsiction. Chida chopitilira moca chakhala wopanga zinthu padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zatsopano zatsopano zatsopano zimapangidwanso Xylink740m ndi Xylink p mndandanda wazinthu zingapo zowonjezera, zolimbitsa mphamvu za poureurethane kuti zisinthe ndalama, kuchepetsa ndalama.
2.2 Mthandizi Wamphamvu wa Diol
Omweomagwiritsa ntchito ogwiritsa ntchito adolomatic diomac dieclation amaphatikizapo phenyl-phenolic hydroxyl, ndi hydroxyls pyy (Her-l), etc., imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kwa zida za polyirethane za MDI Mwachidule zamakhalidwe ndi chitukuko cha zinthu zazikuluzi ndizotsatira:
HQEE Tervan Agentranteon ndi kapangidwe kake kake kake koloma chinthu. Ndi tinthu yolimba, yopanda, kuwonongeka - kulongosola, komanso kukwiyitsa. Imakhala ndi mgwirizano wabwino ndi MDI ndipo imatha kukulitsa moyo wa nkhaniyi. Zipangizo zatsopano za Xiangyuan zapanga hqe, iye, xylink hqee-l, xylinkarir-l mndandanda wa ma trans oralion. Khalidwe limakhala lokwera kuposa zinthu zofananira kunyumba ndi kunja, ndipo zinthu zimagulitsidwa kunyumba ndi kunja.
2.3 Mankhwala ena onunkhira omwe ali ndi ntchito yapadera
Ndi kukwera kwa minda yotuluka ya polyureurethane, yatsopano ya pourerethane yowonjezera kukula ndi ukadaulo wogwiritsira ntchito mosalekeza kuti akwaniritse kufunikira kwa msika wa polyeline. Mabizinesi opanga apanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafuta ochulukirapo.
Tian Osanuenine (DMD230) ndi kukula kwa unyolo wokhala ndi mitsuko iwiri amino-pree, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zoposa ntchentche kapena zazitali kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi mapira wamba wamba, malonda amayankha moyenera, ntchito yabwino yogwira ntchito, luso labwino lazomanga, ndipo ntchito yabwino kwambiri. Ili ndi gloss yabwino ndi yomwe imawoneka ngati ma polycogs pokonza mafuta a mafuta atloride polycisotriplayate, kusinthasintha kwa makina, kukana bwino kwachikasu, kukana nyengo yabwino, komanso kutetezedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso kuteteza bwino. Kuphatikiza pa milatho, ngalande, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pansi ndi zizindikiro zamisewu, imathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri monga zokutira zoteteza ndi zikopa za helikopita zikopa zamiyala yamkuntho. Kupanga kwa mafakitale ndikulimbikitsa chinthu ichi kumathandiza kukula kwambiri kwa zokutira.
The Bambol (311) la owerengeka dihamine ndi sodium chloride mankhwala (311) ndi mtundu wa zojambula za Aromac dIAmine ndi mchere wa inderarganic. Itha kufanana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya polyirethane isanayambe kutentha kutentha. Ndiwoyenera makamaka kwa mawonekedwe ovuta kapena akulu. Malonda a m'derali, ma microwave chivundikiro cha microwaza, ndi zochitika zina zomwe zimafunikira nthawi yayitali, zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati wothandizila ku Epoxy Slide. Zinthu ngati zofananazi zimaphatikizapo Kaytur 31da ku United States, Xylink 311, Xiangyuan zida zatsopano.
Ochiritsika ena oyang'anira oyang'anira otchinga monga oxidazole, ketone amine, etc. amatha kuchepetsa mwayi wokutira kapena zinthu zina kuti atulutse thovu mkati mwa gulu lapakati, ndipo amakhalanso ndi mwayi wokula.
三, mkhalidwe wachitukuko wa othandizira polyirethane
Kampani yanga ya polyirethane ikhale ndi maziko ofooka. M'masiku oyambilira, msika wowonjezera wa polyiretane wowonjezera utali wakhala ukukonzedwa nthawi zonse ndi mabizinesi osiyanasiyana. Popeza kuyambira zaka zana lino, gulu la makampani owonjezera a polyirethane omwe akuimbidwa ndi zida zatsopano zatsopano za Xiangyuan zidasokoneza ma monopoolies akunja pambuyo pazaka zambiri za R & D ndi Tennology. Zina mwazinthu zowonjezera za dziko la polyurethane zimafika pazinthu zofanana ndi mayiko.
Monga othandizira kwambiri a amine polyirethane owonjezera, njira yopanga moca ndiyokhwima, khola, modekha, komanso moyenera. Mu gawo lakutsanulira thupi lopingasa, makamaka dongosolo la TDI, kuchuluka kwazinthu zambiri za poureurethane zakhuta zinthu zambiri zokhwima za polyuretham mchitidwe. Mtengo wake ndi wokwera. Pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito, chotchinga china chapanga. Ili ndi mbali yosasinthika, ndipo gawo lofunsira limatha.
Mankhwala aku Europe aku Europe, monga bungwe loyang'anira chitsimikizo cha EU Kuchita, kuchuluka - - kugwiritsa ntchito - zabwino zina ndi zabwino zina ndizopambana, ndipo palibe njira zina.
Makampani aku China aku China adayamba mochedwa. M'masiku oyambilira, chifukwa cha ukadaulo wopangidwa mwaluso, zofooka zogwirizira R & D, msika wapabanja wa pol 3. Mpaka 1990s, opanga angapo apanyumba omwe adakwanitsa kusintha ma molopolies ochokera kumayiko a R & d ndi magwiridwe antchito a polyirethane amafika pazogulitsa zofanana ndi mayiko. Makamaka zinthu zatsopano za Xiangyu zakhala zikutsogolera pomanga 10,000 -ton - chipangizo chopitilira moca. Mtundu wazogulitsa komanso waukadaulo unafika pamlingo wotsogola komanso wapakhomo. Pakadali pano, opanga nyumba moca akwanitsa kukwaniritsa zofunikira za ionine yaulere. Granolar Moca ndi High -Temisochi wachikasu -Tanging Moca wowerengeka wowerengeka amakondedwa ndi mabizinesi a polyerethane.
Buku la "Khumi ndi chiwiri la buku la" khumi ndi kawiri kuchulukitsa " , Iye, HQEE ndi zinthu zina ziyenera kuchuluka. Kutengera ndi zotsatila zotsatila moca, ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa zinthu za polyurethara ndi zinthu, zinthu zina zatsopano zatulukanso, ndikupanga malo opangidwa ndi moca.
Ndi kusintha kosalekeza kwa kafukufuku wa tekinoloji ndi chitukuko, zinthu zatsopano zokutira zonunkhira bwino zimakhala ndi zabwino zambiri poyankha mwachangu, kutentha kwambiri komanso kutetezedwa ndi chitetezo cha chilengedwe. Kugwiritsa ntchito pang'onopang'ono kwakhwima, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ntchito kumapitilirabe kukulitsa. Mwachitsanzo, P-1000, P650, 250, 740m, chifukwa cha zobiriwira zake, zopanda chilengedwe, zosagwirizana, pang'onopang'ono zinatsegula pamsika wofunsira m'malo angapo. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndikukula ndi kukula kwa dongosolo losangalatsa la MDI, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Armatic Dikilation Dikilatic Drilations Dielations Prilatics Prilatiel Actilations Thupi labwino kwambiri limachita bwino kwambiri monga kukana kutentha ndi mphamvu. Kuphatikiza pa kupanga kuthira zinthu, kumathanso kutulutsa zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri za thermoplastic elastostic, zomwe zimatha kupumula. Mu magwiridwe antchito omwe ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri kwa zida za polyurethara m'maiko otukuka ndi zida zina za poureurethane, othandizira okutira monga 740m, hqee, akugwiritsa ntchito. Mtumiki watsopano watsopanoyo wasiyanitsa maubwino ena, ndipo paukadaulo waluso ndi wokwera. Pakadali pano, msika wapabanja udakalipo pantchito yotsatsa.
四, njira yotukuka ya polUrethane
Makampani ogulitsa polyurethane ku North America ndi Western Europe apeza zaka zambiri zakukula. Makampaniwo ali ndi mphamvu yaukadaulo mwamphamvu m'makampaniwo, ndipo msika umakhwima. Nthawi yomweyo, ogula m'magawo awa ali ndi zofunikira zapamwamba za mankhwala a polyirethane, ndipo kufunikira kwa othandizira ochulukirapo amafulumira kuposa moca. Pakadali pano, maiko otukuka monga ku Europe ndi United States amakhala ndi gawo lalikulu lofunafuna othandizira atsopano.
Kumwalikira kwakukulu kwa polyirethane mu Asia -pactific Dzuwa ndi mayiko ena omwe akubwera akukhala gulu lalikulu loyendetsa polyirethane. Pakati pawo, Asia - dera la Asia kale pamsika wowonda kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, liziwerengera pafupifupi 48% ya gawo lalikulu padziko lonse lapansi; Mayizi ena omwe akutuluka monga India, Brazil, Mexico, ndi zina zowonjezera, zomangira, zomangamanga, mafakitale ena akuwonjezeka. Komabe, poyerekeza ndi mayiko otukuka ku Europe ndi United States, ena mwa zigawo izi m'madera ano akadali koyambirira kwa mafakitale. Amakhala ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi mtengo wamakampani opangira polyurethane ndikulipira ndalama zambiri. M'tsogolomu, mtsogolomo, malowa amafunikirabe kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa bocas.
Pakadali pano, makampani akulu akulu padziko lonse lapansi, monga a Kazaka Kagosian Commary CO., Ltd. ., onongetsani dziko lonse lapansi - kugwedezeka - kuyerekezera dongosolo lakonzedwa ndi zovuta za malonda ndi mtengo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mabizinesi okumbika kwachulukirachulukira. Nthawi yomweyo, makampani akulu amadaliranso mphamvu yayikulu komanso kafukufuku wofufuza zaluso ndi zopanga zopangira ndi zopanga zazikuluzikulu, ndikugulitsa madera omwe ali ndi zida zabwino kwambiri. Misika, ndi malo ogwirira ntchito.
5.
Monga zowonjezera zowonjezera za zida za polyurethara, othandizira owonjezera polyirethara amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa milandu (kuphatikiza zojambula, zomata, zopindika komanso zotanuka) m'manda a polyuretethane. Pakati pawo, thupi la polyirethane zotakasuka ndi zinthu zopanga polymer pakati pa mphira ndi pulasitiki. Ili ndi zotupa kwambiri za mphira komanso kulimba kwambiri komanso mphamvu yayikulu ya pulasitiki. 5 mpaka nthawi 10), limakhala ndi mbiri ya "mfumu ya kuvala rabable - ndipo ili ndi mphamvu zabwino, kukana madzi, kukana kwa madzi, kugwiritsa ntchito magwiridwe antchito. Kuphatikiza pa mtundu wamba wothira wa polmurethane elasticain, zinthu zina zotakata zimaphatikizaponso zomata, zokutira, zikopa, zopangidwa ndi zikopa za poltala. Ndi kusintha kosalekeza kwaukadaulo, poureurethane kwasinthidwa mu mphira, pulasitiki, ndi zitsulo m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga magalimoto, mage, zida, ndi mayendedwe.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero kuchokera ku mabungwe oyenera, kumwa kwa nkhani ya ku China
Kuchuluka kwa Ma Polirethane mu 2016 kunali matani 925,000, ndipo zotulutsa mu 2021 zidafika matani 1.5 miliyoni, ndi kuchuluka kwa pachaka kwa 10.2%; kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa ndalama kunali 12.5%. Akuyerekeza kuti pofika 2025, thupi langa la polyurethane elastic lifika m'matumbo a 2.059 miliyoni, chomwe chikadalipo mwachangu.
Padziko lonse lapansi, chotulutsa cha polyirethane chimafika 2,52 miliyoni mu 2016 ndi 3.539 miliyoni mu 2021, ndi kuchuluka kwa pachaka kwa 7.0%. Podzafika 2025, ntchito yopanga ya poureorethane Elastor imayembekezeredwa kufikira matani a 4495 miliyoni, akuwonetsa momwe zimakhalira ndi chitukuko mwachangu.
Thermoplastic polyirethane elastomer (tpu) imakhala ndi mwayi woletsa kukana. Mphamvu yake yooneka imakhala yokwera, yokwezeka, mafuta ochepera, kukana kwa kutentha, kukana kwa nyengo, ndipo kukana kwa ozoni ndikotchuka. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito kwa TPU kwachulukitsa ku fakitale ku fashoni mpaka m'misika yayitali monga mankhwala opangira mankhwala, mphamvu, komanso kuteteza chilengedwe. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kuyambira pa 2014 mpaka 2021, pafupifupi 2021, pafupifupi 2521, kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa pachaka kwa TPU ku China kunali kokwera kuyambira 14.5%. Mu 2021, zotsatira za TPU yanga ya TPU inali matani pafupifupi 645,000. Dziko langa lakhala dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi la TPU. Kutulutsa ndi rive voliyumu kunja kwakwera pang'onopang'ono m'zaka zaposachedwa.
Kuchokera pakufunikira, msika wa TSU wapadziko lonse lapansi ukuyembekezeredwa ku Europe, United States, ndi Asia. Pakati pawo, dera la ku Asia lidatsogolera ku China ndi msika wadera kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za komiti yapadera ya China Polyirethane Makampani Oyanjanitsa, Kumwa kwathunthu kwa PolUrethane mdziko mu 2018 idafika m'matumbo a PolUreThane (TPU + miliyoni%% .
TPU ikadali imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zikukula mwachangu ku Polyurethane posachedwa. Dziko langa lakhala dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse la TPU. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kuchuluka kwa pachaka kwa tpu pachaka kwa tpu mu 2017-2021 kunali kokwera pafupifupi 12.9% Kutengera ndi kutulutsa kwa matani apadziko lonse lapansi kwa matani a 1.09 miliyoni mu 2021, kumwa kwa TPU kwadutsa theka la dziko lapansi. M'tsogolo, zosowa za zida nsapato, filimu, mapaipi, ndi mawaya azikhala olimba. Pamunda wa zida zamankhwala, mawaya ang'ono, ndi filimu, lidzalowa m'malo mwa zinthu za PVC. Mwinanso kusintha Eva mu gawo la nsapato. Zikuyembekezeka kuti TPU ikhalabe 10 mtsogolo 10 10% kapena kukula kowonjezereka. Zikuyembekezeka kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kudzafika matani pafupifupi 900,000 pofika 2026.
Ndi kufalikira pang'onopang'ono popanga, mtengo wa zinthu za polUretharethane zotsekemera ndizotsika, zosiyanasiyana zamisika. Pa "thabwa khumi ndi limodzi-mainaya theka -yoar, zogulitsa zingalimbikitse mwamphamvu chitukuko cha zinthu zomwe zikuyenda m'madzi, osasunthika, komanso apamwamba kwambiri; Kuchulukitsa kwaukadaulo ndi kupanga terciory terciory kukhazikitsidwa kwazinthu zoyambira, kuyang'ana m'madzi a Polytianianianian-polyphoratus polyphos ntchito; Yambirani pa kunyamula madzi ogulitsa madzi ndi kafukufuku wa ukadaulo; Sinthani magwiridwe antchito, khalani ndi zinthu zatsopano, kuwonjezera ntchito yogwira ntchito, ndikulimbikitsa kupanga zomangamanga zatsopano mu njanji, Bridge, kufalikira kwamphamvu, ndi zina. Limbikitsani kugwiritsa ntchito katswiri wa zomata za pourerethane kwa zero formaldehyde kuti muwonjezere mbale zopangira; Kukula kosiyana, kothandiza, komanso kosangalatsa kwa ammonia; limbikitsani kafukufukuyu ndi ukadaulo wa polyirethane Waterproof Data kapangidwe, magwiridwe, nthawi yayitali; Limbikitsani kugwiritsa ntchito zida za polyurethane m'nyumba zokonzedwa.
Malangizo oyambira a Elastomer munda ndi awa:
Ma polyirethane elastomers pamagalimoto. Mafakitale am'madzi masiku ano akupanga magwiridwe antchito ambiri, apamwamba kwambiri, kulemera komanso chitetezo. Ngolo ya mphira ndi zina zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki zimabwezeretsa zinthu zachitsulo, zomwe zimatsegulira chiyembekezo chofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito ma polUretharist.
Ma polurethane elastomers pomanga. Phula la miyambo yomwe yachitika pang'onopang'ono yasinthidwa ndi zomangamanga, zophatikiza zophatikizana za polyirethane zopanda madzi; Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yamasewera kwa polyurethane kulinso komanso kovuta kwambiri. Kukula kwa mipata yayikulu, yogona kwambiri, ndege ya ndege yothamanga komanso kukwiya kwam'misewu kumapangidwa pang'onopang'ono kwa pvc elastomer.
Polyurethane elastor wa ntchito yanga. Pali kufunikira kwakukulu kwa zinthu zosavomerezeka ndi mphamvu zapamwamba, mphamvu zazikulu ndi zotupa mu migodi yamalayala, zitsulo komanso migodi yachitsulo.
Polyirethane elastor wa nsapato. Kutalika kwa Elychloride Enterlustity kumakhala ndi maubwino ogwiritsira ntchito bwino, kunenepa kwambiri, kukana, kukana kwa skidi, ndi zina zowonjezera, zakhala chinthu chofunikira chothandizira pa nsapato.
Polyirethane Elastorr pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kugwirizana kwa zinthu zabwino, kuyerekezera magazi osati zowonjezera ndi zifukwa zofunika kwambiri zogwiritsira ntchito zinthu za TPU ndi CPU m'dera lachipatala. Kugwiritsa ntchito pamunda wa zamankhwala ndi zaumoyo ndi kwakukulu.
Pepala latsopano la polyurethane. Tekinoloje yophatikizika imayembekezeredwa kuti ibweretse nthawi yatsopano yophulika kwa elastomers.
六, poureurethane typinry mafakitale "14 okonzekera-equar
Kuchokera paulendo wapadziko lonse lapansi, kukula kwa gawo lomanga, makampani opanga magalimoto, mavalasi anzeru, mphamvu zatsopano ndi zachilengedwe zapangitsa kuti mafakitale a polyurethane amachititsa kuti ndalama za polyurethane. Gulu la polyurethane yapadziko lonse likupitilizabe kupanga ukadaulo waluso komanso kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo ipitiliza kupititsa patsogolo zinthu ndi kupanga kwa zinthu zatsopano za polyuretherethane. Ndikukula kwa zinthu za polyurethane m'munda ndi kukula kwa msika wotsika, kufunikira kosiyanasiyana kwa zinthu zowonjezera poureurethane kumalimbikitsanso zatsopano za polyureurethane.
M'zaka 10: kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za polyurethane kumadera ena a NICHA adzakulitsanso mwachangu. Akatswiri opanga mafakitale amasanthula kuti kufunikira kwapadziko lonse kwa polyurethane kumakulirakulira 4.5% pachaka. Pakati pawo, kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa polyurethane kumatanthauza kuti ndi 5.7% mu minda ya firiji, nsapato, zovala, zopumira ndi magawo ena. Zomwe zimafunikira m'munda zimachuluka pang'ono, ndipo zikuyembekezeka kukhala pafupifupi 3.3% pachaka. Mayiko omwe akubwera ku Asia -paciv.
Monga chopangira chofunikira kwa malonda a polyuretane, dziko langa la pourerethaneum la polyurethane liyenera kukhazikitsa lingaliro latsopanoli. Pansipa Kusintha. , Imathandizira kumanga mafakitale amafakitale, kulimbikitsa "zoperewera" zapamwamba - matekinole apamwamba kwambiri, dziko lamphamvu.
Pakadali pano, polyirethane unyolo wakhala chinthu chimodzi chofunikira cha polyurethane chopangira mapulojekiti akuluakulu. Mafakitale owerenga a polyirethane akuchulukirachulukira, kupeza njira yodzitchinjiriza kwa chilengedwe, kuchita bwino kwambiri. Kukhazikika pazosowa za AenthorSospace, mphamvu zamagetsi, mphamvu zatsopano, magalimoto othamanga, masitima akuluakulu, masitima apadziko lonse lapansi omwe akwaniritsidwa amathandizira kuchuluka kwa chitukuko cha malonda a polyeline.
Malangizo akutukuka a polyurethane tyvening mafakitale ndikupanga zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, zobiriwira zobiriwira zomwe zimateteza zachilengedwe zambiri. Sikuti ndi kuipitsidwa-kokha ndi kokha pakupanga njira zopanga, komanso zobiriwira komanso zobiriwira mu njira yolimbikitsira zobiriwira za polyeline. Chachiwiri, kupititsa patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zilipo kale, kotero kuti ntchito yomwe ilipo yomwe ilipo yodzaza ndi mphamvu yatsopano ya ntchito. Mlingo wa mabizinesi wina wa polyirestic polyiresthar ndi wofanana ndi makampani ambiri, koma kufufuzanso kwa ntchito ndikofunikira kuti ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri azikhala opambana, makamaka kupititsa patsogolo zinthu zochulukirapo za diamine ndi ntchito yabwino komanso Kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira za synergist zotsatira zoyitanitsa kupulumutsa mphamvu ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndi mtengo. Wachitatu ndikuwonjezeranso zinthu zatsopano malinga ndi kufunikira kwa msika, kupereka zinthu zabwino kwambiri kwa ogulitsa polyuretthane, kuti akwaniritse zosowa za kumsika pansi ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ntchito.
Kwa zida zotsekemera za polyirethane, unyolo wowuma ndi wofunika kwambiri komanso wowonjezera ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu komanso mtengo wowonjezereka, womwe ndi wofunikira kwambiri kuti ukhale ndi ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, m'mabuku ena a polyurethane komanso ngakhale pulasitiki, poureyune, ali ndi zotsatira zodziwitsa za kusintha kwa ntchito. Mu makampani opanga ma polyurethane, poureurethane unyolo wogulitsa malo ndi akulu. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo malonda apamwamba a polyeline, ndikofunikira kulimbitsa kafukufuku wa polyirethane, ndikukula bwino komanso mosiyanasiyana Kupulumutsa, kutetezedwa ndi kuteteza zachilengedwe ndi ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito, kuti mupindule kwambiri ndi moyo wabwino wa anthu.
Post Nthawi: Feb-08-2023