Ethylene glycol (EG), mankhwala ofunikira popanga polyester, mankhwala oletsa kuzizira, ndi ma resini amafakitale, akuwona kusintha kwakukulu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kufunika kosamalira chilengedwe komanso kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo. Zatsopano zaposachedwa mu njira zopangira, zosintha malamulo, ndi ntchito zatsopano zikusinthanso udindo wake mu gawo la mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi.
1. Kupambana kwa Kupanga Kobiriwira
Kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wosinthira mphamvu zamagetsi kukusinthira kupanga kwa ethylene glycol. Ofufuza ku Asia apanga chothandizira chatsopano chochokera ku mkuwa chomwe chimasintha syngas (chosakaniza cha hydrogen ndi carbon monoxide) mwachindunji kukhala ethylene glycol yokhala ndi 95% yosankha, kupitilira zinthu zachikhalidwe za ethylene oxide. Njirayi imachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi 30% ndikuchepetsa mpweya wa CO₂ ndi matani 1.2 pa tani ya EG yopangidwa.
Njirayi, yomwe tsopano ikuyesedwa mwachiyeso, ikugwirizana ndi zolinga zapadziko lonse lapansi zochotsa mpweya woipa m'thupi ndipo ikhoza kusokoneza njira zodziwika bwino zopangira zinthu zakale zomwe zimadalira zinthu zakale. Ngati zitakulitsidwa, zitha kulola zomera za ethylene glycol kuti zigwirizane bwino ndi machitidwe olanda mpweya, ndikuyika EG ngati "mankhwala obiriwira" omwe angakhalepo mu unyolo wozungulira woperekera mpweya.
2. Ethylene Glycol Yochokera ku Bio-Based imapangitsa kuti igwire bwino ntchito
Pakati pa kufunikira kwakukulu kwa zinthu zokhazikika, ethylene glycol yochokera ku bio-based yochokera ku nzimbe kapena starch ya chimanga ikubwera ngati njira ina yabwino. Ntchito yogwirizana yaposachedwa ku South America yawonetsa kuthekera kopangira zinyalala zaulimi kukhala monoethylene glycol (MEG) yokhala ndi mpweya wochepa wa carbon ndi 40% kuposa zinthu zofanana ndi mafuta.
Makampani opanga nsalu, omwe ndi ogula kwambiri a EG, akuyesera kupanga ulusi wa polyester, ndipo zotsatira zoyambirira zikuwonetsa mphamvu yofanana ya tensile ndi kukonda utoto. Zolimbikitsa malamulo, monga EU's Renewable Carbon Initiative, zikufulumizitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa zinthu, ngakhale kuti mavuto okhudza kukula kwa feedstock ndi kufanana kwa mtengo akupitirirabe.
3. Kufufuza Malamulo pa Kubwezeretsanso kwa EG
Nkhawa zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira pa kupirira kwa ethylene glycol m'chilengedwe zapangitsa kuti malamulo okhwima akhazikike. Mu Okutobala 2023, bungwe la US EPA linapereka malangizo atsopano okhudza kutulutsa madzi otayira okhala ndi EG, zomwe zinalamula njira zamakono zopangira okosijeni kuti ziwononge ma glycol otsala pansi pa 50 ppm. Pa nthawi yomweyo, bungwe la European Union likulemba kusintha kwa dongosolo lake la Kulembetsa, Kuwunika, Kuvomereza, ndi Kuletsa Mankhwala (REACH), zomwe zimafuna opanga kuti atumize deta ya poizoni wa zinthu zopangidwa ndi EG pofika chaka cha 2025.
Njira izi zikufuna kuthana ndi zoopsa zachilengedwe, makamaka m'malo okhala ndi zamoyo zam'madzi, komwe kuchulukana kwa EG kwalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa mpweya m'madzi.
4. Ntchito Zatsopano mu Kusungira Mphamvu
Ethylene glycol ikupeza ntchito yosayembekezereka m'makina osungira mphamvu a m'badwo wotsatira. Gulu lofufuza ku Europe lapanga choziziritsira cha batri chosayaka pogwiritsa ntchito chosakaniza cha EG-water chosinthidwa, zomwe zathandizira kuyang'anira kutentha m'mabatire a lithiamu-ion ndi 25%. Fomula iyi, yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino pa -40°C mpaka 150°C, ikuyesedwa m'magalimoto amagetsi ndi malo osungira magetsi.
Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zosinthira magawo zochokera ku EG (PCMs) zikukopa chidwi cha anthu kuti asunge mphamvu ya dzuwa, ndipo mayeso aposachedwa apeza mphamvu yosunga mphamvu ndi 92% m'ma cycle 500.
5. Kupirira kwa Unyolo Wopereka Zinthu ndi Kusintha kwa Zigawo
Kusamvana kwa ndale za dziko ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka zinthu kwapangitsa kuti kupanga ethylene glycol kukhale kosiyana. Malo atsopano ku Middle East ndi Southeast Asia akugwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi ang'onoang'ono opangira zinthu omwe amakonzedwa kuti azitha kupezeka m'malo osungiramo chakudya, zomwe zimachepetsa kudalira mafakitale akuluakulu. Kusinthaku kumathandizidwa ndi njira zoyendetsera zinthu zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ndi AI zomwe zimachepetsa zinyalala za EG m'magawo otsika monga kupanga mabotolo a PET.
Kutsiliza: Kusintha kwa Zinthu Zambiri
Gawo la ethylene glycol lili pamphambano, likulinganiza ntchito zake zokhazikika m'mafakitale ndi zofunikira mwachangu zosamalira chilengedwe. Zatsopano mu kupanga zinthu zobiriwira, njira zina zogwiritsira ntchito zachilengedwe, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chuma chozungulira zikukonzanso unyolo wake wamtengo wapatali, pomwe malamulo okhwima akugogomezera kufunika kwa machitidwe osamalira chilengedwe. Pamene makampani opanga mankhwala akutembenukira ku decarbonization, kusinthasintha kwa ethylene glycol kudzatsimikizira kufunika kwake pamsika womwe ukusintha mwachangu.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-07-2025