Sodium Bicarbonate, fomula ya molekyulu ndi NAHCO₃, ndi mtundu wa mankhwala osapangidwa

Sodium Bicarbonate, fomula ya molekyulu ndi NAHCO₃，ndi chinthu chosapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, chokhala ndi ufa woyera wa kristalo, chopanda fungo, chamchere, chosavuta kusungunuka m'madzi. Chimawola pang'onopang'ono mumlengalenga wonyowa kapena mpweya wotentha, chimapanga carbon dioxide, ndikutenthetsa mpaka 270 ° C chowola kwathunthu. Chikakhala ndi asidi, chimawola kwambiri, ndikupanga carbon dioxide.
Sodium bicarbonate imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pofufuza za chemistry, inorganic synthesis, kupanga mafakitale, ulimi ndi ziweto.

Kapangidwe ka thupi:sodium bicarbonatendi kristalo woyera, kapena makhiristo a monocliplative opaque ndi makhiristo pang'ono, omwe si fungo, amchere pang'ono komanso ozizira, ndipo amasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi ndi glycerin, ndipo samasungunuka mu ethanol. Kusungunuka m'madzi ndi 7.8g (18℃), 16.0g (60℃), kuchuluka kwake ndi 2.20g/cm3, gawo lake ndi 2.208, chizindikiro cha refractive ndi α: 1.465; β: 1.498; γ: 1.504, entropy yokhazikika 24.4J/(mol · K), imapanga kutentha 229.3kj/mol, kutentha kosungunuka 4.33kj/mol, komanso kuposa mphamvu yotentha (Cp) 20.89J/(mol·°C)(22°C).

Kapangidwe ka mankhwala:
1. Asidi ndi alkaline
Yankho lamadzi la sodium bicarbonate ndi la alkaline pang'ono chifukwa cha hydrolysis: HCO3-+H2O⇌H2CO3+OH-, 0.8% yankho lamadzi pH ndi 8.3.
2. Yankhirani ndi asidi
Sodium bicarbonate imatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi asidi, monga sodium bicarbonate ndi hydrochloride: nahco3+HCL = NaCl+CO2 ↑+H2O.
3. Kuyankha kwa alkali
Sodium bicarbonate imatha kuchita ndi alkali. Mwachitsanzo, sodium bicarbonate ndi sodium hydroxide reaction: nahco3+naOh = Na2CO3+H2O; ndi calcium hydroxide reactions, ngati kuchuluka kwa sodium sodium bicarbonate kuli kokwanira, pali: 2NAHCO3+CA (OH) 2 = CACO3 ↓+NA2CO3+2H2O;
Ngati pali sodium bicarbonate yochepa, pali: Nahco3+CA (OH) 2 = CACO3 ↓+Naoh+H2O.
4. Kuyankha kwa mchere
A. Sodium bicarbonate imatha kuwirikiza kawiri hydrolysis ndi aluminiyamu chloride ndi aluminiyamu chloride, ndikupanga aluminiyamu hydroxide, mchere wa sodium ndi carbon dioxide.
3AHCO3+AlCl3 = Al (OH) 3 ↓+3ACL+3CO2 ↑; 3AHCO3+Al (CLO3) 3 = Al (OH) 3 ↓+3AClo3+3CO2 ↑.
B. Sodium bicarbonate imatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi njira zina zamchere zachitsulo, monga: 2HCO3-+Mg2+= CO2 ↑+MgCo3 ↓+H2O.
5. Kuwola ndi kutentha
Kapangidwe ka sodium bicarbonate kamakhala kokhazikika kutentha, ndipo n'kosavuta kusweka. Kasungu imasungunuka mwachangu pamwamba pa 50 ° C. Pa 270 ° C, mpweya wa carbon dioxide umatayika kwathunthu. Palibe kusintha kwa mpweya wouma ndipo pang'onopang'ono umasungunuka mumlengalenga wonyowa. Kuwonongeka kwa equation ya reaction: 2NAHCO3NA2CO3+CO2 ↑+H2O.

Munda wofunsira:
1. Kugwiritsa ntchito mu labotale
Sodium bicarbonateimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma analytical reagents ndipo imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga zinthu zopanda chilengedwe. Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukonzekera sodium carbonate-sodium bicarbonate buffer solution. Mukawonjezera asidi pang'ono kapena alkali, imatha kusunga kuchuluka kwa ma hydrogen ions popanda kusintha kwakukulu, zomwe zingathandize kuti pH ya dongosolo ikhale yokhazikika.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale
Sodium bicarbonate ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zozimitsira moto za pH ndi zozimitsira moto za thovu, ndipo sodium bicarbonate mumakampani opanga rabara ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga rabala ndi siponji. Sodium bicarbonate mumakampani opanga zitsulo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chosungunula popangira zitsulo. Sodium bicarbonate mumakampani opanga makina ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chothandizira kupanga mchenga wachitsulo (masangweji). Sodium bicarbonate mumakampani osindikizira ndi kupaka utoto ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chopangira utoto, chosungira asidi, komanso chopangira utoto wa nsalu posindikiza utoto; kuwonjezera soda mu utoto kungalepheretse gauze mu gauze. Kupewa.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito kukonza chakudya
Pokonza chakudya, sodium bicarbonate ndiye chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mabisiketi ndi buledi. Mtundu wake ndi wachikasu-bulauni. Ndi carbon dioxide mu chakumwa cha soda; imatha kusakanikirana ndi ufa wothira wa alum kukhala alkaline, kapena ikhoza kupangidwa ndi citromes ngati alkali wamba; komanso ngati chosungira batala. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chopaka utoto wa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba pokonza ndiwo zamasamba. Kuwonjezera pafupifupi 0.1% mpaka 0.2% ya sodium bicarbonate potsuka zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kumatha kukhazikika. Sodium bicarbonate ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chothandizira zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, imatha kuwonjezera pH ya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba pophika zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, zomwe zimatha kuwonjezera pH ya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, kukonza madzi a mapuloteni, kulimbikitsa kufewa kwa maselo a minofu ya chakudya, ndikusungunula zinthu zoyambitsa kutopa. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zotsatira pa mkaka wa mbuzi, ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya 0.001% ~ 0.002%.
4. Ulimi ndi ulimi wa ziweto
Sodium bicarbonateingagwiritsidwe ntchito ponyowa m'minda yaulimi, ndipo ingathandizenso kuchepetsa kusowa kwa lysine m'chakudya. Sodium bicarbonate imasungunuka m'madzi pang'ono kapena kusakanikirana mu concentrate kuti idyetse ng'ombe (kuchuluka koyenera) kuti ikule bwino. Ikhozanso kuonjezera kwambiri kupanga mkaka wa ng'ombe za mkaka.
5. Kugwiritsa ntchito kuchipatala
Sodium bicarbonate ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chinthu chopangira mankhwala, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza asidi wambiri m'mimba, poizoni wa metabolic acid, komanso mkodzo wa alkaline kuti mupewe miyala ya uric acid. Ingachepetsenso poizoni wa mankhwala a sulfa mu impso, ndikuletsa hemoglobin kuti isalowe mu tubular ya impso pamene hemolysis yachitika mwadzidzidzi, ndikuchiza zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha asidi wambiri m'mimba; jakisoni wa m'mitsempha siwofunikira kwenikweni pochiza poizoni wa mankhwala. Zotsatira zake ndi izi: Mutu wosalekeza, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, nseru, kusanza, ndi zina zotero.

Chidziwitso Chosungira ndi Kunyamula: Sodium bicarbonate si chinthu choopsa, koma chiyenera kutetezedwa ku chinyezi. Sungani mu thanki youma yopumira mpweya. Musasakanize ndi asidi. Soda wophika sayenera kusakanizidwa ndi zinthu zapoizoni kuti apewe kuipitsa.

Kulongedza: 25KG/THUMBA