Polyisobutylene (PIB)

Polyisobutylene (PIB)Ndi chinthu chopanda utoto, chopanda kukoma, chopanda poizoni kapena cholimba pang'ono, cholimba kutentha, cholimba mpweya, cholimba ozoni, cholimba nyengo, cholimba ultraviolet, cholimba asidi ndi alkali ndi mankhwala ena omwe amagwira ntchito bwino. Polyisobutylene ndi isobutylene homopolymer yopanda utoto, yopanda fungo, komanso yopanda poizoni. Chifukwa cha njira zosiyanasiyana zokonzekera komanso mikhalidwe yaukadaulo, kuchuluka kwa polyisobutylene mu molekyulu kumasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa molekyulu ya chinthucho kumafika pa 10,000 mpaka 200,000 kudzasinthidwa kuchoka pamadzi wandiweyani kukhala theka-lolimba, kenako nkusintha kukhala elastomer yonga rabara. Polyisobutylene imalimbana ndi asidi, alkali, mchere, madzi, ozoni ndi ukalamba, ndipo ili ndi mpweya wabwino kwambiri komanso kutchinjiriza magetsi.

Kapangidwe ka mankhwala:Madzi okhuthala opanda mtundu mpaka achikasu chopepuka kapena rabara yosalala (yolemera pang'ono ya molekyulu ndi yofewa, yolemera kwambiri ya molekyulu ndi yopyapyala komanso yotanuka). Zonsezi ndi zopanda fungo, zopanda fungo kapena fungo lonunkhira pang'ono. Kulemera kwapakati kwa molekyulu ndi 200,000 ~ 87 miliyoni. Zimasungunuka mu benzene ndi diisobutyl Chemicalbook, zimatha kusakanikirana ndi polyvinyl acetate, sera, ndi zina zotero, sizisungunuka m'madzi, mowa ndi zinthu zina zosungunulira za polar. Zingapangitse shuga wa chingamu kukhala wofewa kwambiri pa kutentha kochepa, ndipo zimakhala ndi pulasitiki pang'ono pa kutentha kwakukulu kuti zibwezeretse zolakwika za polyvinyl acetate pakazizira, nyengo yotentha komanso kufewa kwambiri pakamwa pakatentha kwambiri.

Mapulogalamu:PIB imadziwika ndi mphamvu zake zabwino kwambiri zomangira ndi zomatira, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zomatira, zokutira, ndi zomatira. Mphamvu za PIB zonga rabala zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri chomangira ndi zomatira, chifukwa zimathandiza kupereka mgwirizano wolimba komanso wokhazikika m'malo osiyanasiyana. Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kothandiza, PIB imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zodzoladzola ndi zinthu zosamalira thupi chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zabwino zosungunula. Chinthuchi nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizidwa ndi zosakaniza zina kuti apange zinthu zokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera komanso mawonekedwe.

PIB ilinso ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'makampani opanga chakudya. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chokhuthala, chokhazikika, komanso chosakaniza zakudya zomwe zakonzedwa. PIB ingathandizenso kukonza kapangidwe ndi kusinthasintha kwa zinthu monga ayisikilimu, chingamu chotafuna, ndi zinthu zophikidwa. Kusinthasintha kwa PIB kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa opanga zakudya.

PIB imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri m'makampani azachipatala. Mphamvu zake zopanda poizoni zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'zachipatala. Nthawi zambiri mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chokhazikika mu katemera, komanso ngati chosakaniza mu mankhwala ambiri. Kusakonda madzi kwa PIB kumathandiza kuti imamatire pakhungu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza popanga zomatira zachipatala.

Makhalidwe:Polyisobutylene ili ndi mphamvu ya mankhwala a ma hydrocarbon okhuta, ndipo gulu la methyl la unyolo wa m'mbali ndi lofanana kwambiri, lomwe ndi polima yapadera. Mkhalidwe wa kuphatikizana ndi mawonekedwe a polyisobutylene zimadalira kulemera kwake kwa mamolekyulu ndi kugawa kwake kwa mamolekyulu. Pamene kulemera kwapakati kwa mamolekyulu kuli pakati pa 70000 ~ 90000, polyisobutylene imasintha kuchoka pamadzi osinthika kukhala olimba otanuka. Kawirikawiri, malinga ndi kukula kwa kulemera kwa mamolekyulu kwa polyisobutylene imagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa: polyisobutylene yolemera pang'ono ya mamolekyulu (avereji ya kulemera kwa mamolekyulu = 200-10000); Polyisobutylene yolemera pang'ono ya mamolekyulu (avereji ya kulemera kwa mamolekyulu = 20000-45,000); Polyisobutylene yolemera kwambiri ya mamolekyulu (avereji ya kulemera kwa mamolekyulu = 75,000-600,000); Polyisobutylene yolemera kwambiri ya mamolekyulu (avereji ya kulemera kwa mamolekyulu = 760000).

1. Kulimba kwa mpweya

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zabwino kwambiri za polyisobutylene ndi kulimba kwake kwa mpweya wabwino kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa magulu awiri a methyl omwe amasinthidwa, kayendedwe ka unyolo wa mamolekyulu kamakhala pang'onopang'ono ndipo voliyumu yaulere imakhala yochepa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufalikira kochepa komanso mpweya wokwanira.

2. Kusungunuka

Polyisobutylene imasungunuka mu aliphatic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, petulo, naphthene, mafuta amchere, chlorinated hydrocarbon ndi carbon monosulfide. Ikasungunuka pang'ono mu alcohols ndi tchizi chapamwamba, kapena ikatupa mu alcohols, ethers, monomers, ketones ndi zosungunulira zina ndi mafuta a nyama ndi ndiwo zamasamba, kuchuluka kwa kutupa kumawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa kutalika kwa unyolo wa carbon solvent; Yosasungunuka mu alcohols zochepa (monga methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol ndi coethylene glycol), ketones (monga acetone, methyl ethyl ketone) ndi glacial acetic acid.

3. Kukana mankhwala

Polyisobutylene imalimbana ndi asidi ndi alkali. Monga ammonia, hydrochloric acid, 60% hydrofluoric acid, lead acetate aqueous solution, 85% phosphoric acid, 40% sodium hydroxide, saturated saturated salt water, 800} sulfuric acid, 38% sulfuric acid +14% nitric acid erosion. Komabe, singathe kupirira erosion ya ma oxidant amphamvu, ma oxidant otentha ofooka (monga 60% potassium permanganate), ma organic acid ena otentha (monga 373K acetic acid) ndi ma halogen (fluorine, chlorine, desert).

Kulongedza: 180KG ng'oma

Kusunga: Sungani pamalo ozizira, opumira mpweya, komanso ouma komanso otetezedwa ndi dzuwa panthawi yoyendera.

Pomaliza, PIB ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Makhalidwe ake abwino kwambiri otsekera ndi kumatira, komanso kusungunuka kwake komanso kusinthasintha kwake, zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale odzola, chisamaliro chaumwini, chakudya, ndi zamankhwala. Monga ogulitsa otsogola a PIB, tadzipereka kupatsa makasitomala athu zinthu ndi ntchito zabwino kwambiri kuti akwaniritse zosowa zawo zamakampani.