N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP): Malamulo Okhwima a Zachilengedwe Amalimbikitsa Kafukufuku ndi Kupititsa Patsogolo kwa Njira Zina ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kukonzanso kwa NMP Yokha M'magawo Apamwamba

I. Zochitika Zazikulu Zamakampani: Zoyendetsedwa ndi Malamulo ndi Kusintha kwa Msika

Pakadali pano, njira yomwe ikukhudza kwambiri makampani a NMP imachokera ku kuyang'anira malamulo padziko lonse lapansi.

1. Zoletsa pansi pa lamulo la EU REACH

NMP yaphatikizidwa mwalamulo mu Mndandanda wa Anthu Omwe Akufuna Kugula Zinthu Zofunika Kwambiri (SVHC) motsatira REACH Regulation.

Kuyambira mu Meyi 2020, EU yaletsa kupereka kwa anthu onse zosakaniza zomwe zili ndi NMP pamlingo wa ≥0.3% mu zotsukira zitsulo ndi zopangira zokutira kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale ndi akatswiri.

Lamuloli likuchokera makamaka pa nkhawa zokhudzana ndi poizoni wobereka wa NMP, cholinga chake ndi kuteteza thanzi la ogula ndi ogwira ntchito.

2. Kuwunika Zoopsa ndi US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Bungwe la US EPA likuchitanso kafukufuku wokhudza zoopsa za NMP, ndipo n'zotheka kwambiri kuti malamulo okhwima okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito kwake ndi kutulutsa mpweya woipa adzakhazikitsidwa mtsogolo.

Kusanthula Zotsatira

Malamulowa apangitsa kuti kufunikira kwa NMP pamsika kuchepe pang'onopang'ono m'magawo achikhalidwe osungunula zinthu (monga utoto, zokutira, ndi kuyeretsa zitsulo), zomwe zapangitsa opanga ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ena kufunafuna kusintha.

II. Malire a Ukadaulo ndi Mapulogalamu Omwe Akubwera

Ngakhale kuti pali zoletsa m'magawo akale, NMP yapeza zinthu zatsopano zomwe zikukula m'magawo ena apamwamba chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zapadera zakuthupi ndi zamakemikolo.

1. Kafukufuku ndi Kukonzanso kwa Zinthu Zina (Pakadali pano ndi Njira Yofufuzira Yogwira Ntchito Kwambiri)

Pofuna kuthana ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi malamulo, pakali pano pali cholinga chachikulu cha kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha njira zina zotetezera chilengedwe m'malo mwa NMP. Malangizo akuluakulu ndi awa:

N-Ethylpyrrolidone (NEP): Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti NEP imayang'aniridwa kwambiri ndi chilengedwe ndipo si njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli kwa nthawi yayitali.

Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO): Ikuphunziridwa ngati chosungunulira china m'magawo ena opangira mankhwala ndi mabatire a lithiamu-ion.

Zosungunulira Zatsopano Zobiriwira: Kuphatikiza ma cyclic carbonates (monga propylene carbonate) ndi zosungunulira zochokera ku bio (monga lactate yochokera ku chimanga). Zosungunulirazi zimakhala ndi poizoni wochepa ndipo zimatha kuwonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale njira yofunika kwambiri yopititsira patsogolo mtsogolo.

2. Kusasinthika mu Kupanga Zinthu Zaukadaulo Wapamwamba

M'magawo ena apamwamba, NMP ikadali yovuta kusinthidwa kwathunthu pakadali pano chifukwa cha magwiridwe ake abwino kwambiri:

Mabatire a Lithium-Ion: Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri komanso lomwe likukula mosalekeza la ntchito ya NMP. NMP ndi chosungunulira chofunikira kwambiri pokonzekera slurry ya ma electrode a batri ya lithiamu-ion (makamaka ma cathode). Imatha kusungunula bwino ma binder a PVDF ndipo imatha kufalikira bwino, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri popanga zokutira za electrode zokhazikika komanso zofanana. Ndi kukula kwa makampani atsopano amagetsi padziko lonse lapansi, kufunikira kwa NMP yoyera kwambiri m'munda uno kukupitirirabe.

Ma Semiconductor ndi Ma Display Panel:Pakupanga ma semiconductor ndi kupanga ma LCD/OLED display panel, NMP imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotsukira cholondola kuti ichotse photoresist ndi kuyeretsa zigawo zake zolondola. Kuyera kwake kwakukulu komanso kuthekera kwake koyeretsa bwino kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwakanthawi kusinthidwa.

Ma polima ndi Mapulasitiki Aukadaulo Apamwamba:NMP ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popanga mapulasitiki apamwamba kwambiri monga polyimide (PI) ndi polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Zipangizozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo amakono monga zida zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi.

Mapeto

Tsogolo la NMP lili mu "kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake ndi kupewa zofooka". Kumbali imodzi, kufunika kwake kwapadera m'magawo apamwamba aukadaulo kudzapitiriza kuthandizira kufunikira kwa msika; kumbali ina, makampani onse ayenera kuvomereza kusintha, kufulumizitsa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko komanso kulimbikitsa zosungunulira zina zotetezeka komanso zosawononga chilengedwe, kuti athe kuyankha ku zomwe malamulo azachilengedwe sakusintha.