Methylene Chloride: Kuyenda mu Nthawi Yosinthira Mwayi ndi Mavuto

Methylene Chloride ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri chosungunulira zinthu m'mafakitale, ndipo chitukuko cha mafakitale ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza za chitukuko chake chaposachedwa kuchokera mbali zinayi: kapangidwe ka msika, kayendetsedwe ka malamulo, momwe mitengo ikuyendera, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa kafukufuku wa sayansi posachedwapa.

Kapangidwe ka MsikaMsika wapadziko lonse lapansi uli ndi anthu ambiri, ndipo opanga atatu apamwamba (monga Juhua Group, Lee & Man Chemical, ndi Jinling Group) ali ndi gawo la msika lonse la pafupifupi 33%. Chigawo cha Asia-Pacific ndiye msika waukulu kwambiri, womwe uli ndi pafupifupi 75% ya gawo.

Mphamvu Zolamulira:Bungwe la US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) lapereka lamulo lomaliza motsatira Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) loletsa kugwiritsa ntchito methylene chloride mu zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu monga zochotsera utoto komanso kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu m'mafakitale.

Mitengo Ikuyenda Bwino: Mu Ogasiti 2025, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ntchito m'makampani zomwe zinapangitsa kuti pakhale zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo kufunikira kwa zinthu zomwe sizikupezeka nthawi yopuma komanso kusakhutira ndi kugula zinthu, mitengo ya opanga ena inatsika pansi pa 2000 RMB/ton.

Mkhalidwe wa Malonda:Kuyambira mu Januwale mpaka Meyi 2025, kutumiza kunja kwa methylene chloride ku China kunakwera kwambiri (chaka ndi chaka +26.1%), makamaka ku Southeast Asia, India, ndi madera ena, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kupanikizika kwa zinthu zopezeka m'nyumba.

Malire mu Kafukufuku Waposachedwa wa Ukadaulo

Mu kafukufuku wa sayansi, maphunziro pa methylene chloride ndi mankhwala ena ofanana akupita patsogolo kupita ku madera obiriwira komanso ogwira ntchito bwino. Nazi njira zingapo zofunika:

Njira Zopangira Zobiriwira:Gulu lofufuza kuchokera ku Shandong University of Technology linafalitsa kafukufuku watsopano mu Epulo 2025, popereka lingaliro latsopano la "redox yoyendetsedwa ndi maginito." Ukadaulo uwu umagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito yozungulira kuti ipange mphamvu yamagetsi yoyendetsedwa ndi chitsulo, motero ikuyendetsa machitidwe a mankhwala. Kafukufukuyu adawonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito koyamba kwa njira iyi mu transition metal catalysis, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale kuphatikizika kwa aryl chloride zomwe sizigwira ntchito bwino ndi alkyl chloride. Izi zimapereka njira yatsopano yoyatsira ma inert chemical bonds (monga ma C-Cl bonds) pansi pa mikhalidwe yofatsa, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri.

Kukonza Njira Zopatukana:Pakupanga mankhwala, kulekanitsa ndi kuyeretsa ndi njira zofunika kwambiri zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu. Kafukufuku wina akuyang'ana kwambiri pakupanga chipangizo chatsopano cholekanitsa zosakaniza za reaction kuchokera ku methylene chloride synthesis. Kafukufukuyu adafufuza kugwiritsa ntchito methanol ngati chochotsera chokha kuti alekanitse zosakaniza za dimethyl ether-methyl chloride zomwe zimakhala ndi kusasinthasintha kochepa, cholinga chake ndi kukonza magwiridwe antchito a kulekanitsa ndikukonza magawo a njira.

Kufufuza kwa Mapulogalamu mu Machitidwe Atsopano Osungunulira:Ngakhale kuti sichinaphatikizepo mwachindunji methylene chloride, kafukufuku wokhudza deep eutectic solvents (DES) wofalitsidwa mu PMC mu Ogasiti 2025 ndi wofunika kwambiri. Kafukufukuyu adapereka chidziwitso chakuya pa momwe mamolekyu amagwirira ntchito mkati mwa machitidwe osungunulira. Kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wobiriwira woterewu kungapereke mwayi watsopano wosinthira ma solvent ena achikhalidwe osasunthika, kuphatikizapo methylene chloride.

Mwachidule, makampani opanga methylene chloride pakadali pano ali mu nthawi yosintha yomwe imadziwika ndi mwayi komanso zovuta.

Mavutomakamaka zimaonekera m'malamulo okhwima kwambiri okhudza chilengedwe (makamaka m'misika monga ku Europe ndi ku US) komanso kuchepa kwa kufunikira kwa zinthu m'malo ena ogwiritsidwa ntchito mwachizolowezi (monga zochotsa utoto).

MwayiKomabe, kufunikira kosalekeza m'magawo omwe zinthu zina zabwino sizinapezekebe (monga mankhwala ndi kupanga mankhwala). Nthawi yomweyo, kukonza kosalekeza kwa njira zopangira komanso kukulitsa misika yotumiza kunja kumaperekanso mphamvu pakukula kwa makampani.

Chitukuko chamtsogolo chikuyembekezeka kudalira kwambiri zinthu zapadera zogwira ntchito bwino komanso zoyera kwambiri komanso zatsopano zaukadaulo zogwirizana ndi mfundo za chemistry yobiriwira.