Pakadali pano, ma alcohols opangidwa kuchokera ku ma alcohols apamwamba monga 2-PH ndi INA omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi 2-propylheptanol (2-PH) ndi isononyl alcohol (INA), omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ma plasticizers a m'badwo wotsatira. Ma Esters opangidwa kuchokera ku ma alcohols apamwamba monga 2-PH ndi INA amapereka chitetezo chachikulu komanso kusamala chilengedwe.
2-PH imayanjana ndi phthalic anhydride kuti ipange di(2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP). Zopangidwa ndi PVC zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki ndi DPHP zimawonetsa kutchinjiriza kwamagetsi kwapamwamba, kukana nyengo, kusasinthasintha pang'ono, komanso mphamvu zochepa za physico-chemical, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zingwe, zida zapakhomo, mafilimu azinthu zamagalimoto, ndi mapulasitiki apansi. Kuphatikiza apo, 2-PH ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga ma surfactants osagwiritsa ntchito ma ionic omwe amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri. Mu 2012, BASF ndi Sinopec Yangzi Petrochemical mogwirizana adayambitsa fakitale yopanga ma 2-PH okwana matani 80,000 pachaka, chomera choyamba cha 2-PH ku China. Mu 2014, Shenhua Baotou Coal Chemical Company idayambitsa gawo lopanga ma 2-PH okwana matani 60,000 pachaka, pulojekiti yoyamba ya 2-PH ku China yochokera ku malasha. Pakadali pano, makampani angapo omwe ali ndi mapulojekiti ogwiritsira ntchito malasha kupita ku olefin akukonzekera malo opangira 2-PH, kuphatikiza Yanchang Petroleum (matani 80,000 pachaka), China Coal Shaanxi Yulin (matani 60,000 pachaka), ndi Inner Mongolia Daxin (matani 72,700 pachaka).
INA imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga diisononyl phthalate (DINP), chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chopangira pulasitiki. Bungwe la International Council of Toy Industries laona kuti DINP si yoopsa kwa ana, ndipo kufunikira kwake kwakukulu m'zaka zaposachedwa kwapangitsa kuti INA igwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri. DINP imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto, zingwe, pansi, zomangamanga, ndi mafakitale ena. Mu Okutobala 2015, mgwirizano wa 50:50 pakati pa Sinopec ndi BASF unayamba mwalamulo kupanga pa fakitale ya INA ya matani 180,000 pachaka ku Maoming, Guangdong—malo okhawo opangira INA ku China. Kugwiritsa ntchito m'nyumba kuli pafupifupi matani 300,000, zomwe zinasiya kusiyana kwa kupezeka. Ntchitoyi isanachitike, China idadalira kwathunthu kutumiza kunja kwa INA, ndi matani 286,000 omwe adatumizidwa mu 2016.
Zonse ziwiri za 2-PH ndi INA zimapangidwa pochita ma butenes kuchokera ku mitsinje ya C4 ndi syngas (H₂ ndi CO2). Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito ma catalyst ovuta achitsulo, ndipo kupanga ndi kusankha ma catalyst awa kumakhalabe vuto lalikulu pakupanga kwa 2-PH ndi INA m'nyumba. M'zaka zaposachedwa, mabungwe angapo ofufuza aku China apita patsogolo muukadaulo wopanga ndi chitukuko cha ma catalyst a INA. Mwachitsanzo, C1 Chemistry Laboratory ya Tsinghua University idagwiritsa ntchito ma octenes osakanikirana ochokera ku butene oligomerization ngati chakudya komanso rhodium catalyst yokhala ndi triphenylphosphine oxide ngati ligand, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale phindu la 90% la isononanal, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale maziko olimba okulitsa mafakitale.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-14-2025