Mu 2022 yapitayi, msika wa mankhwala am'dziko muno wasonyeza kuchepa koyenera konse. Malinga ndi ziwerengero kuchokera ku makalabu amalonda, 64% mwa mankhwala 106 akuluakulu omwe adayang'aniridwa mu 2022, 64% ya mankhwala adatsika, 36% ya mankhwala adakwera. Msika wa mankhwala udawonetsa magulu atsopano amphamvu akukwera, kuchepa kwa mankhwala achikhalidwe, kukhazikika kwa zinthu zoyambira. Mu mndandanda wa "Ndemanga ya Msika wa Mankhwala wa 2022" womwe wayambitsidwa mu kope lino, udzasankhidwa kukhala zinthu zomwe zikukwera komanso kutsika kwambiri kuti ziwunikidwe.
Chaka cha 2022 mosakayikira ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri pamsika wa mchere wa lithiamu. Lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium iron phosphate, ndi phosphate ore zinali pamwamba pa mipando 4 pamndandanda wowonjezera wa mankhwala, motsatana. Makamaka, msika wa lithiamu hydroxide, womwe ndi nyimbo yayikulu ya kukwera mwamphamvu komanso kukwera m'mbali chaka chonse, pamapeto pake unatsogolera pamndandanda wa kuwonjezeka kwa pachaka kwa 155.38%.
Magawo awiri a kukoka mwamphamvu komanso apamwamba kwambiri
Msika wa lithiamu hydroxide mu 2022 ukhoza kugawidwa m'magawo atatu. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2022, msika wa lithiamu hydroxide unatsegula msika pamtengo wapakati wa 216,700 yuan (mtengo wa tani, womwewo pansipa). Pambuyo pa kukwera kwakukulu mu kotala yoyamba, unakhalabe wokwera kwambiri mu kotala yachiwiri ndi yachitatu. Mtengo wapakati wa 10,000 yuan unatha, ndipo chaka chinawonjezeka ndi 155.38%.
Mu kotala yoyamba ya 2022, kuwonjezeka kwa kotala lililonse pamsika wa lithiamu hydroxide kunafika pa 110.77%, ndipo mu February kunakwera kufika pa chaka chachikulu kwambiri, kufika pa 52.73%. Malinga ndi ziwerengero kuchokera ku makalabu amalonda, pakadali pano, imathandizidwa ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, ndipo mtengo wa lithiamu lithiamu carbonate wapitiliza kuthandizira lithiamu hydroxide. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha zipangizo zopepuka, kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya lithiamu hydroxide kunatsika kufika pa 60%, ndipo malo operekera anali ochepa. Kufunika kwa lithiamu hydroxide m'mafakitale opanga mabatire a nickel ternary otsika kwawonjezeka, ndipo kusalingana kwa kupezeka ndi kufunikira kwalimbikitsa kukwera kwakukulu kwa mtengo wa lithiamu hydroxide.
Mu kotala lachiwiri ndi lachitatu la 2022, msika wa lithiamu hydroxide unawonetsa kusintha kwakukulu, ndipo mtengo wapakati unakwera pang'ono ndi 0.63% munthawi imeneyi. Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Meyi wa 2022, lithiamu carbonate inafooka. Mphamvu zina zatsopano za opanga ena a lithiamu hydroxide zinatulutsidwa, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zonse kunakwera, kufunikira kwa kugula zinthu m'nyumba kwachepa, ndipo msika wa lithiamu hydroxide unawoneka wokwera. Kuyambira mu Juni 2022, mtengo wa lithiamu carbonate unakwezedwa pang'ono kuti uthandizire momwe msika wa lithiamu hydroxide umakhalira, pomwe chidwi cha kafukufuku wotsatira chinakwera pang'ono. Unafika pa 481,700 yuan.
Kulowa mu kotala lachinayi la 2022, msika wa lithiamu hydroxide unakweranso, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kotala la 14.88%. Mu nyengo ya nyengo yokwera kwambiri, kupanga ndi kugulitsa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu ku terminal kwawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo msika ndi wovuta kupeza. Ndondomeko yatsopano yothandizira mphamvu ikuyandikira kumapeto kwa kumapeto, ndipo makampani ena amagalimoto akonzekera pasadakhale kuti ayendetse msika wa lithiamu hydroxide kuti upeze kufunikira kwakukulu kwa mabatire amphamvu. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha mliri wa m'dziko muno, kupezeka kwa msika ndi kochepa, ndipo msika wa lithiamu hydroxide udzakweranso. Pakati pa Novembala 2022, mtengo wa lithiamu carbonate unatsika, ndipo msika wa lithiamu hydroxide unatsika pang'ono, ndipo mtengo womaliza unatsekedwa pa 553,300 yuan.
Kupezeka kwa zipangizo zopangira kumtunda kuli kochepa
Poganizira za chaka cha 2022, msika wa lithiamu hydroxide sunakwere ngati utawaleza, komanso zinthu zina zamchere wa lithiamu zinachita bwino kwambiri. Lithium carbonate inakwera ndi 89.47%, lithiamu iron phosphate inakwera ndi 58.1% pachaka, ndipo kuwonjezeka kwa phosphorous ore ya lithiamu iron phosphate pachaka kunafikanso pa 53.94%. Kufunika kwa makampaniwa kukukhulupirira kuti chifukwa chachikulu cha kuchuluka kwa mchere wa lithiamu mu 2022 ndikuti mtengo wa zinthu za lithiamu ukupitirira kukwera, zomwe zapangitsa kuti mchere wa lithiamu usapitirire kukwera, zomwe zapangitsa kuti mchere wa lithiamu usapitirire kukwera, zomwe zapangitsa kuti mchere wa lithiamu usapitirire kukwera, zomwe zapangitsa kuti mchere wa lithiamu usapitirire kukwera, zomwe zapangitsa kuti mchere wa lithiamu usapitirire kukwera.
Malinga ndi ogwira ntchito atsopano otsatsa mabatire amagetsi ku Liaoning, lithiamu hydroxide imagawidwa m'njira ziwiri zopangira lithiamu hydroxide ndi nyanja yamchere yokonzekera lithiamu hydroxide ndi nyanja yamchere. Lithium hydroxide pambuyo pa lithiamu carbonate ya mafakitale. Mu 2022, makampani omwe amagwiritsa ntchito lithiamu hydroxide pogwiritsa ntchito pylori anali ndi mchere wochepa. Kumbali imodzi, mphamvu yopanga lithiamu hydroxide ndi yochepa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa lithiamu. Kumbali ina, pakadali pano pali opanga ochepa a lithiamu hydroxide ovomerezeka ndi batire yapadziko lonse lapansi, kotero kupezeka kwa lithiamu hydroxide yapamwamba kwambiri ndi kochepa.
Katswiri wa Ping An Securities, Chen Xiao, adawonetsa mu lipoti la kafukufuku kuti vuto la zinthu zopangira ndi vuto lalikulu pamakampani opanga mabatire a lithiamu. Pa njira zonyamulira lithiamu kuchokera ku salt lake brine, chifukwa cha kuzizira kwa nyengo, kuzizira kwa nyanja zamchere kumachepa, ndipo kupezeka kumakhala ndi kusowa kwa zinthu, makamaka mu kotala loyamba ndi lachinayi. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zinthu za lithiamu iron phosphate, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zinthu zamadzimadzi, kupezeka kwa malo sikunali kokwanira ndipo kudalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito, ndipo kuwonjezeka kwa pachaka kudafika pa 53.94%.
Kufunika kwa mphamvu zatsopano za terminal kwawonjezeka
Monga chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa mabatire a lithiamu-ion okhala ndi nickel ternary, kukula kwakukulu kwa kufunikira kwa mafakitale atsopano amagetsi kwapereka chilimbikitso kuposa kukwera kwa mitengo ya lithiamu hydroxide.
Ping An Securities inanena kuti msika watsopano wamagetsi unapitilizabe kukhala wamphamvu mu 2022, ndipo magwiridwe ake anali odabwitsabe. Kupanga mafakitale a mabatire otsika mu lithiamu hydroxide kukugwira ntchito, ndipo kufunikira kwa mabatire ambiri a nickel ternary ndi iron lithium kukupitilizabe kukula. Malinga ndi deta yaposachedwa kuchokera ku China Automobile Association, kuyambira Januwale mpaka Novembala 2022, kupanga ndi kugulitsa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu kunali 6.253 miliyoni ndi 60.67 miliyoni, motsatana, kuwonjezeka kwapakati pachaka, ndipo gawo la msika linafika 25%.
Pankhani ya kusowa kwa zinthu komanso kufunikira kwakukulu, mtengo wa mchere wa lithiamu monga lithiamu hydroxide wakwera kwambiri, ndipo makampani opanga magetsi a lithiamu agwera mu "nkhawa". Ogulitsa zinthu zamabatire amphamvu, opanga ndi opanga magalimoto atsopano amagetsi akuwonjezera kugula kwawo mchere wa lithiamu. Mu 2022, opanga zinthu zamabatire angapo adasaina mapangano operekera ndi ogulitsa lithiamu hydroxide. Kampani yothandizidwa ndi Avchem Group yomwe ili ndi mwini wake idasaina pangano lopereka mankhwala a lithiamu hydroxide ya batri ndi Axix. Yasainanso mapangano ndi kampani yothandizidwa ndi Tianyi Lithium ya Tianhua Super Clean ndi Sichuan Tianhua pazinthu zamabatire a lithiamu hydroxide.
Kuwonjezera pa makampani opanga mabatire, makampani opanga magalimoto akupikisananso kwambiri pazinthu zopangira lithiamu hydroxide. Mu 2022, zanenedwa kuti Mercedes-Benz, BMW, General Motors ndi makampani ena opanga magalimoto asayina mapangano opereka lithiamu hydroxide ya batire, ndipo Tesla adatinso imanga chomera cha lithiamu hydroxide ya batire, chomwe chidzalowe mwachindunji m'munda wopanga mankhwala a lithiamu.
Ponseponse, kukula kwa chitukuko cha makampani atsopano opanga magalimoto kwabweretsa kufunikira kwakukulu kwa lithiamu hydroxide pamsika, ndipo kusowa kwa zinthu za lithiamu m'mphepete mwa nyanja kwapangitsa kuti mphamvu yopangira lithiamu hydroxide ikhale yochepa, zomwe zapangitsa kuti mtengo wake pamsika ukhale wapamwamba kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-02-2023