Acetic acid, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti acetic acid, ndi organic compound, mankhwala CH3COOH, ndi organic one yuan acid, yomwe ndi gawo lalikulu la viniga.

Acetic acidimadziwika kuti ACOH, yomwe imatchulidwa kuti ndi gawo lalikulu la viniga, ndipo ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zamafuta acid.Mawonekedwe aulere m'chilengedwe amakhalapo muzomera zambiri.Molecular CH3COOH.Kuphika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito vinyo wosasa kuli ndi mbiri ya zaka zikwi zambiri.Kale China, izo zinalembedwa mu vinyo wosasa.Koma acetic acid wokhazikika anali Chemicalbook yopambana yopangidwa ndi Stahl mu 1700. Pure acetic acid ndi madzi opanda mtundu ndipo ali ndi kukoma kowawa.Malo osungunuka ndi 16.6 ° C, malo otentha ndi 117.9 ° C, ndipo kachulukidwe kachibale ndi 1.049 (20/4 ° C).Kusungunuka m'madzi, ethanol, glycerin, ether ndi carbon chloride;osasungunuka mu carbonide.Mbalame za m'madzi zopanda madzi zimasakanikirana kukhala zooneka ngati ayezi, zomwe zimadziwika kuti ice acetic acid.Zowononga.Ndi ofooka ndi organic asidi, acidicity wa asidi, ndipo angayambitse esterization zochita ndi mowa.

Chemical katundu:Acetic acid(AcOH) ndi mono-weak carboxylic acid.Ili ndi mawonekedwe a carboxylic acid.Imakhudzidwa ndi zitsulo zina, ma oxides achitsulo ndi ma hydroxides kupanga mchere.Ma acetic acid ambiri ali ndi ntchito zofunika.Basic ferric acetate [Fe(C2H3OO)6OH(OOCCH3)2] ndi [Fe3(C2H3OO)6(OH)2(OOCCH3)] ndi lead acetate ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mordant, ndipo ferrous acetate ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza.Acetic acid ndi mowa zidapangidwanso.Esterification imathanso kuchitidwa ndi unsaturated hydrocarbon pansi pa chothandizira.Alpha-hydrogen akhoza kusinthidwa ndi halogens;Ndipo formaldehyde pansi pa zochita za chothandizira, mu Chemicalbook mzere wa mowa aldehyde condensation;Pamene nitric acid ndi nitrate mu acetic acid, mlingo wa nitrating ukhoza kusintha.Zochita ndi benzoyl chloride, acetyl chloride ndi benzoic acid zimatha kupangidwa.Acetic acid angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana zofunika, monga methyl acetate, ethyl ester, propyl ester, butyl ester, etc., ndi zosungunulira zabwino kwambiri mu mafakitale opaka ndi utoto.Ma cellulose acetate, opangidwa ndi kuyanjana kwa acetic anhydride ndi mapadi, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga filimu, utoto wopopera ndi mapulasitiki osiyanasiyana.Carboxymethyl cellulose imatha kukonzedwa ndi chloroacetic acid.Vinyl acetate yopangidwa ndi acetic acid ndi acetylene ndiyofunika kwambiri pakupangira mankhwala, utoto ndi zonunkhira, komanso chosungunulira chofunikira pakuchiza mphira.Acetic acid imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga mafakitale komanso kaphatikizidwe ka organic.

Malo ogwiritsira ntchito
Kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale
1. Acetic acidndi mankhwala akuluakulu ndipo ndi amodzi mwa ma organic acid ofunika kwambiri.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kupanga ethidine, ethyls ndi ethyl acetate.Polyetate ethyl ester imatha kupangidwa kukhala filimu ndi zomatira, komanso ndizinthu zopangira ulusi wa Velun.Ethyl acetic acid cellulose amatha kupanga mafilimu opangira silika ndi mafilimu.
2. Ethyl acetate yopangidwa ndi mowa wochepa kwambiri ndi wosungunulira bwino kwambiri ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani opanga utoto.Chifukwa chakuti zinthu zambiri zamoyo zomwe zimasungunula acetic acid, acetic acid amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri zosungunulira organic (mwachitsanzo, kupanga phenyl acidic acidic acid acid).
3. Asidi acetic angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu njira zina kuzifutsa ndi opukutidwa, monga chotchinga (monga galvanizing ndi mankhwala faifi tambala plating) mu ofooka asidi njira, kuwonjezera zina mu hemuminal kuwala faifi tambala -plated electrolyte, ndi passivation zinki ndi cadmium The yankho likhoza kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yomangira ya filimu yodutsa ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira pH ya ofooka acidic plating.
4. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mchere wachitsulo, monga manganese, sodium, lead, aluminiyamu, zinki, cobalt ndi zitsulo zina, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri monga zopangira, zopaka utoto ndi mafakitale opaka zikopa.Fouritic acid lead ndi organic synthetic reagent (monga tetraitic acid lead itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati okosijeni wamphamvu, gwero la okosijeni wa acetyl, ndikukonzekera mankhwala otsogolera organic, etc.).
5. Acetic acid angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati reagents analytical, organic synthesis, pigment ndi kaphatikizidwe mankhwala.

Kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya
M'makampani azakudya,asidi asidiamagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala acidified.Pamene fungo lonunkhira ndi zonunkhira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga viniga wosasa, asidi acetic amachepetsedwa mpaka 4-5%, ndipo zokometsera zosiyanasiyana zimawonjezeredwa.Zotsika mtengo.Monga asidi-flavored wothandizira, angagwiritsidwe ntchito gulu zokometsera.Zakonzedwa kugwiritsa ntchito vinyo wosasa, zitini, odzola ndi tchizi.Mutha kupanganso zonunkhiritsa ndi 0.1 ～ 0.3 g/kg.

Kusungirako ndi mayendedwe
Kusamala posungira: Sungani m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zoziziritsa kukhosi komanso mpweya wabwino.Khalani kutali ndi moto ndi kutentha.M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kosungirako kuyenera kusungidwa pamwamba pa 16 ℃ kuteteza kulimba.Sungani chidebe chosindikizidwa.Iyenera kusungidwa mosiyana ndi okosijeni ndi zamchere, ndipo sayenera kusakanikirana.Zowunikira zosaphulika komanso mpweya wabwino zimatengera.Osagwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina ndi zida zomwe zimakonda kuyaka.Malo osungiramo zinthu ayenera kukhala ndi zida zoperekera chithandizo chadzidzidzi zomwe zidatuluka komanso zida zoyenera zogwirira.

Njira zopewera mayendedwe: Izi zidzatumizidwa ndi magalimoto akasinja a aluminiyamu operekedwa ndi mabizinesi a aluminiyamu panthawi ya mayendedwe a njanji, ndipo kuvomerezedwa kwamadipatimenti oyenera kudzanenedwa musanatumizidwe.Kuyendetsa njanji zopanda zamzitini kudzachitika motsatira mndandanda wazinthu zowopsa zomwe zili mu "Malamulo Oyendetsa Zinthu Zowopsa" a Unduna wa Railways.Kulongedza kukhale kokwanira ndipo kutsitsa kukhale kotetezeka.Panthawi yoyendetsa, onetsetsani kuti chidebecho sichikudontha, kugwa, kugwa kapena kuwonongeka.Galimoto ya thanki (thanki) yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa iyenera kukhala ndi tcheni choyakira pansi, ndipo gawo la dzenje litha kukonzedwa mumtsinje kuti muchepetse magetsi osasunthika obwera chifukwa cha kugwedezeka.Ndizoletsedwa kusakaniza ndi okosijeni, alkali ndi mankhwala odyedwa.Mayendedwe apamsewu amayenera kutsatira njira yokhazikitsidwa, musakhale m'malo okhala ndi anthu ambiri.