Acetic acidAyah omwe amadziwika kuti Abisah, wotchedwa atakhala wophatikiza ndi viniga, ndipo ndi imodzi mwa asidi wofunikira kwambiri. Mtundu waulere m'chilengedwe nthawi zambiri umakhalapo muzomera zambiri. Mamolecular c3cooh. Kuchepetsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito viniga kunakhala ndi mbiri yakale. Ku China wakale, zidalembedwa mu viniga. Koma okhazikika acetic acid anali njira yokwanira yopanga ndi Stahl mu 1700. Oyera acetic acid ndi madzi opanda utoto ndipo amakhala ndi kukoma kosangalatsa. Malo osungunuka ndi 16,6 ° C, malo owira ndi 117.9 ° C, ndipo kachulukidwe kakang'ono ndi 1.049 (20/4 ° C). Sungunulani m'madzi, ethanol, glycerin, ether ndi kabongo. zopanda ntchito mu carbobode. Madzi - mazira am'madzi am'madzi amaphatikizidwa mu madzi oundana, omwe amadziwika kuti acetic acid. Kuwononga. Ndiwofooka komanso worganic acid, adcidity ya asidi, ndipo imatha kuyambitsa kutengera mowa.
Mankhwala:Acetic acid(Acoh) ndi carboxy wofooka acid. Ili ndi mawonekedwe a carboxyylic acids. Zimakhudzana ndi zitsulo zina, zitsulo ma oxisis ndi hydroxides kuti apange mchere. A Acetic ambiri ali ndi ntchito zofunika kwambiri. Zoyambira za Ferric Acetate [Fe (C2h3oo) 6oh (OOCch3) 2] 1 (Fe3 (OC3OO) 6 (o) Acetic acid ndi mowa zidapangidwa. Kutulutsa kumathanso kuchitika ndi hydcarborn pansi pa chothandizira. Alpha-hydrogen atha kusinthidwa ndi halogens; Ndi formaldehyde pansi pa chothandizira, mu mzere wa mankhwala a Moledyerde Memmens; Nitric acid imayikidwa mu acetic acid, kuchuluka kwazomwe kumatha kusintha. Kuyamikira ndi benzoy chloride, acetyl chloride ndi benzoic acid akhoza kupangidwa. Acetic acid imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zotumphukira zosiyanasiyana, monga methyl acetate, ethyl ester, proyl ester, nteyl ester, etc., ndi zotulukapo zopanga utoto. Cellulose acetate, wopangidwa ndi kulumikizana kwa acerhydride ndi cellulose, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga filimu, utoto wopopera ndi pulasitiki. Carboxymethyl cellulose ikhoza kukonzekera ndi chlorooceic asidi. Nyimbo ya vinyl yomwe imapangidwa ndi acettic acid ndi acetylene ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri za kapangidwe ka mankhwala osokoneza bongo, utoto ndi zonunkhira, komanso zosungunulira zosungunulira. Acetic acid amakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakupanga mafakitale komanso kapangidwe kake.
Gawo la ntchito
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mafakitale
1. Acetic acidndi mankhwala akuluakulu ndipo ndi amodzi mwa acid. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kupanga ethidine, ma ethyls ndi ethyl acetate. Polytate ethyl ester ikhoza kupangidwa mufilimu ndi zomatira, ndipo ndi zopangira chifukwa cha mawonekedwe fibern ya velun. Ethyl acetic acid cellulose imatha kupanga silika ndi mafilimu filimu.
2. Chifukwa ambiri mwa zinthu zolengedwa zomwe zimasungunuka acetic acid okhazikika (mwachitsanzo, pakupanga phenyl acid).
3.. Njira yothetsera yankho imatha kukonza mphamvu yomanga ya pasika ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa PH ya ofooka acidic.
4. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa mchere wachitsulo, monga manganese, sodium, sodium, aluminiyamu, zinc, zitsulo ndi ma cabalts, utoto wamagetsi ndi mafakitale achikopa. Zinayidic acid ndi zopangira zopangidwa mwamphamvu (monga tetraitic acid zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati oxidant yamphamvu, gwero la orcety okosijeni, ndikukonzekera mankhwala otsogolera otsogola, ndi zina zambiri).
5..
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Chakudya
M'makampani azakudya,acetic acidimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati othandizira acidioticed. Wothandizira kununkhira ndi zonunkhira zikagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga viniga, acetic acid amasungunuka mpaka 4-5%, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana imawonjezeredwa. Wotsika mtengo. Monga acid - wothandizira, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zojambula. Ndikokonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito viniga, zitini, zodzola ndi tchizi. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala onunkhira ndi 0.1 ~ 0.3 g / kg.
Kusunga ndi Kuyendetsa
Kusamala: Sungani munyumba yosungiramo bwino, yopumira. Khalani kutali ndi moto ndi kutentha. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kosungira kumayenera kusungidwa pamwamba pa 16 ℃ kuteteza kulimbitsa. Sungani chidebe chosindikizidwa. Iyenera kusungidwa mosiyana ndi oxidant ndi alkali, ndipo sayenera kusakanikirana. Malo owala ophulika ndi mpweya wabwino amathandizidwa. Osagwiritsa ntchito zida ndi zida zomwe zimakonda kuwunika. Malo osungiramo ayenera kukhala ndi zida zadzidzidzi chithandizo chadzidzidzi ndi zida zoyenera.
Kuyendera Mosamala: Izi zidzatumizidwa ndi magalimoto a aluminiyamu tank zoperekedwa ndi mabizinesi a aluminium omwe amatumizidwa nthawi yoyendera, komanso kuvomerezedwa ndi malo oyenera kufotokozedwa musanatumizidwe. Kupita kwa Sitima Yosakhazikika Kwambiri kuchitika molingana ndi mndandanda wowopsa wa katundu mu "Zowopsa zoyendera katundu" za Unduna wa Utumiki wa njanji. Kulongedza kuyenera kukhala kokwanira ndipo kukweza kuyenera kukhala kotetezeka. Nthawi yoyendera, onetsetsani kuti chidebe sichimatulutsa, kugwa, kugwa kapena kuwonongeka. Mphoto (tank) galimoto yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda iyenera kukhala ndi chingwe chokhazikika, ndipo gawo logawana ndi bowo lingakonzedwe kuti muchepetse magetsi osokoneza bongo. Zimaletsedwa mosamalitsa kusakaniza ndi maxidiant, alkali ndi mankhwala odziwika. Maulendo oyendera msewu ayenera kutsatira njira yomwe ananenedwayo, musakhale m'malo okhala komanso monyinyirika.
Post Nthawi: Mar-23-2023